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保险姓“保”,政策护航
2019-01-12

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10月16日消息,2015年开始实施,有效期为三年的《互联网保险业务监管暂行办法》(以下简称《暂行办法》)已于今年10月1日到期。银保监会官网日前发布通知称,正在加快《暂行办法》的修订工作,在新规出台之前,《暂行办法》继续生效。

 

据《电商报》了解,在此之前,银保监会已向业内下发《关于继续加强互联网保险监管有关事项的通知》(以下简称《通知》)。《通知》明确要求,保险公司需加强产品创新能力、风险管控能力、客户服务能力建设,强化保险消费者合法权益保护,确保互联网保险业务合规经营;银保监会将继续提升监管能力,促进互联网保险经营机构提高服务水平。

 

过去几年,中国互联网保险业务快速发展,保费规模实现大幅增长。有数据显示,互联网保费收入2012年和2013年分别为110.7亿元、318.4亿元,2014年达到858.9亿元,2015和2016年,保费收入分别达到2234亿元、2347亿元。2017年,由于保险行业整体保费下滑,互联网保费同比下降21.83%,下滑至1835亿元。

 

实际上,中国互联网保险起步很早,引爆市场的一个标志性事件是,2012年12月国华人寿通过淘宝聚划算平台借助万能险产品创造了三天一亿元的销售神话。

 

2013年,****家互联网保险公司众安在线财产保险获得原保监会批准成立,此后中国互联网保险进入高速发展阶段,互联网保险的保费几乎每年上一个台阶。

 

2015年以来,随着互联网保险驱动方发生根本变化,一些新的问题和风险趋势有所冒头,对现有的监管制度和监管环境提出了挑战。

 

如第三方网络平台数量巨大,新媒体、新技术参与程度较高,对保险业务手续费、经营流程、资金收付等进行深度掌控,通过与保险公司的业务合作,间接受保险监管部门监管,不受保险监管部门直接或实质性监管。这导致保险监管规定的信息披露要求、资金收付要求、手续费支付要求等往往在业务实践中难以得到有效的贯彻落实,带来较大的合规风险。

 

某些在线平台暗藏“搭售”,通过默认勾选的方式销售一些保险产品,未明确列明承保主体或代理销售主体,未完整披露保险产品条款等相关重要信息,侵害了消费者的知情权、自主选择权等。据银保监会官网统计数据显示,今年9月份共有8家平台被处罚,涉及的处罚理由包括:编制虚假资料;虚构保险代理业务、套取保险佣金;聘任不具有任职资格的人员;未按要求缴存保证金;未按规定管理业务档案;未按规定使用银行账户收取保险业务报酬等。

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针对保险中介平台乱象,原保监会在《暂行办法》中曾对第三方平台的业务边界进行了明确,旨在强化其参与互联网保险业务的行为约束。如保险中介平台可以为保险机构开展互联网业务提供辅助支持;若第三方网络平台参与了互联网业务的销售、承保、理赔等关键环节,则必须取得相应的保险业务经营资格。

 

但是,互联网保险中介平台本身不受保险监管部门直接或实质性监管。这导致保险监管规定的信息披露要求、资金收付要求、手续费支付要求等往往在业务实践中难以得到有效的贯彻落实,因而成为违规操作“重灾区”。

 

实际上,针对保险中介平台的监管正在加码。据《电商报》了解,近期保险中介平台申请网销资质,都需要写承诺书,一是已拿到全国性的中介经营牌照;二是一年内没有受到任何行政处罚。管中窥豹,未来的监管趋势可见一斑。

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同时,自去年年初开始,蚂蚁金服、腾讯、百度均已陆续获得经营互联网保险业务的资质,宣布进军保险中介领域。市场普遍认为,BAT将袭卷整个互联网保险市场,互联网巨头的入场将进一步促进保险中介平台的规范升级。

 

总而言之,互联网保险发展至今大致经历了三个阶段:1.0简单渠道阶段、2.0场景阶段和3.0生态圈阶段。但无论处在何种阶段,互联网业务都高度依赖流量资源。而随着市场容量扩大,业务量张开以及多渠道的延伸,从监管政策层面看,也日趋严谨,从短期看,互联网保险监管升级会倒逼相关平台升级,中小保险公司在目前互联网保险环境下亦生存艰难,但从长远来看,这是国内互联网保险市场回归保障,走向融合,不断更新升级的一个时机,而且这也是互联网保险业务经历了前期的快速增长,目前进入结构性调整阶段,行业风险逐步显现所不可绕过的一个阶段,相信随着市场监管进一步明确,各项政策法规陆续出台完善,互联网保险将在自己的康庄大道上越走越远。


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